• This Discussion Thread has 24 replies, 13 voices, and was last updated 1 day, 14 hours ago by Komalpreet.
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    • #12398
      Grace
      Keymaster

      Thinking of your current or a past practice area provide an example of the train of transmission specific to that area. Fill in all ‘links’ in the chain with an example for each link:

      Infectious Agent:

      Reservoirs:

      Portals of Exit:

      Modes of Transmission:

      Portals of Entry:

      Susceptible Host:

    • #14526
      Rofiat
      Member

      Infectious Agent: MRSA
      Reservoir : A patient with a wound infection colonized with MRSA.
      Portal of Exit: Drainage from an infected wound.
      Modes of Transmission : Healthcare worker’s hands after contact with the patient’s wound .
      Portal of Entry : Another patient’s open wound , or catheter site.
      Susceptible Host: A patient with a compromised immune system such as chronic illness,

      • #14529
        Yetunde
        Member

        very good example

      • #14585
        Wenpeng
        Member

        Yes, this is a good example.

    • #14528
      Yetunde
      Member

      infectious Agent: Clostridiodes difficile (C. diff)
      Reservoir: A patient who has the c.diff bacteria in them
      Portal of Exit: Through diarrhoea of the infected person
      Modes of Transmission: touching surfaces infected with C. diff or feces contaminated with C. diff
      Portal of Entry: this can be through hands, contaminated surfaces or objects
      Susceptible Host: elderly people, people with low immune system

      • #14537
        Rosemary
        Member

        A very good and common example .

      • #14594
        Yanique
        Member

        Your discussion provides a clear and accurate description of the chain of infection for Clostridioides difficile (C. diff). Your analysis is well-detailed and aligns with the principles of infection prevention and control. Great job!

    • #14536
      Rosemary
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Clostridioides difficile (C. diff
      Reservoirs: The gastrointestinal tract of an infected person, or commodes.
      Portals of Exit: Frequent feces also known as diarrhea of a person infected.
      Modes of Transmission: Contamination of infected surface by health care worker
      Portals of Entry: lack of proper hygiene, when the hand come in contact with contaminated surfaces or materials and the hand gets into the mouth.
      Susceptible Host: the elderly, immunocompromised patient, or patient who have stayed longer in the hospital

      • #14539
        Kimi
        Member

        Thank you for sharing. C.diff is very common and frequency happens in the health care setting.

      • #14542
        Tammy
        Member

        Good example! only with educational purposes I add this information: Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) is a bacterium found in the gastrointestinal tract of infected individuals or on contaminated surfaces in healthcare settings. It exits the body through feces, often in the form of diarrhea, and can be transmitted through contact with contaminated surfaces, hands, or medical equipment, particularly when proper hygiene is lacking. C. diff spores enter new hosts when they ingest contaminated material. Susceptible individuals include the elderly, immunocompromised patients, those on prolonged antibiotics, or individuals with long hospital stays.

    • #14538
      Kimi
      Member

      Infectious Agent: influenza
      Reservoirs: patient with flu
      Portals of Exit: patient coughing and sneezing
      Modes of Transmission: direct touching, share medical equipment
      Portals of Entry: person who inhales the virus, or through oral membrane
      Susceptible Host: patients with weakened immune systems and chronic conditions

    • #14541
      Tammy
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Escherichia coli

      Reservoirs: patient intestines and contaminated water, soil and food.

      Portals of Exit: feces patient

      Modes of Transmission: fecal and oral route due to poor or inadequate hygiene

      Portals of Entry: mouth (ingestion) when water and food arecontaminated

      Susceptible Host: young children. elderly adult, immunocompromised individiduals,Individuals with poor hygiene practices.

      • #14573
        Wafaa
        Member

        Hello Tammy,

        Thank you for sharing your post! Escherichia coli is a serious infection that spreads, especially in healthcare settings. It is important to emphasize the need for strict hand hygiene and surface cleaning to prevent contamination.

      • #14575
        Rose
        Member

        Hello Tammy, great overview of the chain of transmission of E. coli.
        I just like to add a few facts: E. coli is a diverse group of bacteria, and while most strains are harmless, some can cause severe foodborne illness. Symptoms of E. coli infection usually include diarrhea, stomach cramps, and vomiting. Common sources of contamination are foods like undercooked ground beef and unpasteurized milk. To help prevent infection, cooking food thoroughly and practicing good hygiene, like washing hands regularly and keeping kitchen surfaces clean is important. By doing these things, we can lower the chances of getting sick from E. coli. Thanks for sharing!
        Best, Rose

    • #14572
      Wafaa
      Member

      Infectious Agent:
      Clostridioides difficile (C. diff) bacteria.
      Reservoirs:
      Infected patient in medicine floor.
      Portals of Exit:
      Feces from patients with C. diff, especially during diarrhea.
      Modes of Transmission:
      Fecal-oral route, spread via contaminated surfaces or hands.
      Portals of Entry:
      Ingestion through contaminated hands or surfaces, or through mucous membranes.
      Susceptible Host:
      Older adult patients, weakened immune systems, or patients on broad-spectrum antibiotics.

    • #14574
      Rose
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Norovirus
      Reservoirs: Contaminated food such as raw oysters, leafy greens or surfaces such as kitchen counters, and bathroom fixtures where the virus can survive.
      Portals of Exit: The virus exits the infected person through vomit or feces, contaminating surfaces or food.
      Modes of Transmission: The virus can be transmitted through direct contact with an infected person, consuming contaminated food or water, or touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the mouth.
      Portals of Entry: The virus enters a new host through the mouth when contaminated food or water is ingested or through contact with contaminated surfaces that are then touched and brought to the mouth.
      Susceptible Host: Individuals with weakened immune systems, young children, or the elderly who may be more susceptible to the effects of the virus and its symptoms.

      • #14581
        Hauwa
        Member

        That is a nice example.

    • #14580
      Hauwa
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Influenza virus
      This virus causes the flu, a common respiratory infection that can spread in community care settings.

      Reservoirs: Infected clients or caregivers
      The virus resides in the respiratory tract of individuals who are infected, even if they are asymptomatic.

      Portals of Exit: Respiratory droplets
      When an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks, respiratory droplets containing the virus are expelled.

      Modes of Transmission: Droplet transmission or contact transmission
      The virus can spread directly via inhalation of droplets or indirectly by touching contaminated surfaces and then touching the face (eyes, nose, or mouth).

      Portals of Entry: Mucous membranes
      The virus enters the body through the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, or eyes.

      Susceptible Host: Elderly or immunocompromised clients
      Clients receiving community care are often more vulnerable to infections due to age, chronic illnesses, or weakened immune systems.

      • #14582
        Rofiat
        Member

        Nice response

    • #14584
      Wenpeng
      Member

      Infectious Agent: respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
      Reservoirs: patient with RSV
      Portals of Exit: eyes, nose, mouth
      Modes of Transmission: coughing, sneezing, laughing, talking, touching a surface with RSV
      Portals of Entry: eyes, nose, or mouth
      Susceptible Host: persons with weak immune system, or exposure to tobacco smoke, air pollution, and indoor crowding with increased risk

      • #14589
        Olubukola
        Member

        I agree, individuals in an overcrowded space are susceptible to infections even without being immunocompromised.

    • #14588
      Olubukola
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Covid-19 virus

      Reservoirs: infected patient

      Portals of Exit: mouth, nose

      Modes of Transmission: sneezing

      Portals of Entry: inhalation, contact with the mouth

      Susceptible Host: cancer patient

      • #14621
        Komalpreet
        Member

        Hello Tammy,
        Thanks for sharing E. coli. It’s a great example to explain the chain of transmission.

    • #14593
      Yanique
      Member

      Infectious Agent: Influenza virus

      Reservoirs: Humans with active influenza infection (caregivers or residents)

      Portals of Exit: Respiratory droplets expelled during coughing or sneezing

      Modes of Transmission: Airborne transmission via droplets or contact with contaminated surfaces

      Portals of Entry: Nasal mucosa or respiratory tract

      Susceptible Host: An individual with a weakened immune system, such as an elderly person or someone with chronic illness

    • #14620
      Komalpreet
      Member

      Komalpreet Kaur

      Infectious agent: Mycobacterium tuberculosis- the bacteria responsible for tuberculosis.
      Reservoirs:
      Human – individuals with active tuberculosis
      Portals of exit:
      Respiratory tract – the bacteria spreaded when an infected person cough, sneeze
      Mode of transmission-
      TB is transmitted through the air when infectious droplets containing the bacteria are inhaled by others
      Portals of entry:
      Respiratory tract- the bacteria enters via lungs when infectious droplets inhaled by someone
      Susceptible Host:
      Immunocompromised individuals- the individuals with low immunity, elderly people are more risk at contacting TB

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