Elimination: Removing the hazard entirely is the most effective control measure because it eradicates the risk. For example, destroying infectious agents by breaking the chains of infection.
Substitution: Replacing the hazard with something less hazardous.
For example, using med patches to substitute for injections.
Engineering controls: These involve isolating people from hazards.
For example , placing barriers between healthcare workers and residents .
Administrative controls: These are procedures that change the way people work.
For example, Training and screening of staff.
Protective Personal Equipment; Providing protective wear to workers to reduce exposure and transmission to hazards.
For example, gowns, face and eye protection, gloves, masks and show covers can help protect workers even though it is the least effective because it rely on the individual to use them correctly.