Population Intervention Comparison Outcome Research Question
P – Young child immunizations in Ontario
I -Apply numbing cream ac injections, lidocaine
Administering the most painful vaccine last minimizes the priming effect of the first injection on subsequent injections, thus reducing overall pain
Use of CARD system
C – Look to global health care systems to compare
O – Improved care by nurse giving injections. Child & parent feel comforted with use of these interventions
RQ – In Ontario when it is time for young children to have their 12- months immunizations it will require three injections at the same clinical visit. Is there any evidence-informed clinical practice that demonstrates that these interventions reduce painful immunization injections?
Research Question:
In Ontario when it is time for young children to have their 12-months immunizations it will require three injections at the same clinical visit.
Is there any evidence-informed clinical practice that demonstrates that these interventions reduce painful immunization injections? Interventions, CARD program, numbing cream and administering the most painful immunization injection first. Is there any evidence that two nurses giving the last two injections at same time as parent cuddles and/or breast feeds child reduces pain at injection site?
Rationale:
My research is focused on less painful immunization injections. This subject came to light as I have spent a lot of my nursing career working in primary care where the clinic I worked at had a Ontario Well-Babies Program. The immunization schedule for Ontario required young children have to more than one injection at some clinical visits. The child’s 12-month visit usually required three injections at one visit or the parent and child would have to return to clinic for additional injections, putting a burden on the whole family. For a child to have more than one injection at a time can be an issue for all involved. This is where the CARD program can be used to support the child and parent, as well as the use of numbing cream, giving most painful injection first.